- Πληροφοριακά Στοιχεία
-
Κατηγορία: ?????
-
Εμφανίσεις: 1611
? ??????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????????????? ??????????
?? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ????????????? ?? ???? ?? ????? 24 ?.
THE SUBSTANTIAL CONTROL OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STUDIES
AS A NECESSARY CONDITION FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT BASED ON ARTICLE 24 OF THE (GREEK) CONSTITUTION
??????? ?. ????????????-?????, ????????? ???, ??? ???????? ??????? ???, ??. ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???.
??????? 2023
????????
? ????????? ??? ????????????? ??? ?????????? ? ????????? ??? ???????, ???????????? ??? ?? ????? ????????????? ????????????? ???????????? ??? ????? 24 ??? ???????????. ??? ??? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ????? ??? ????????????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ? ???????/??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??????. ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ???????. ?????? ?? ???????? ??, ??? ?????? ? ????????? ??? ????????????? ????? ????????? ???? ???????? ???????????, ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ? ??????? ????? ??? ???????.
Abstract
The protection of the environment and in particular the protection of the natural, cultural and generally man-made environment is established in article 24 of the Constitution. One of the conditions for the implementation of this constitutional provision at a substantial and formal level is the preparation of appropriate studies and the control/approval of these studies by the state. In this report, the issue of the regulatory competence and control of the state is examined in the context of the preparation of the control and the approval of the above studies. It must be emphasized that because the protection of the environment is primarily a matter of public interest, it is not tolerated by the Constitution for this control to be carried out by private individuals.
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A.1 ??????? ?????????
?????? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????[2], ??? ???????????????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ??????????????? ??????????.
A.1.1 ??????? ??????? ???????
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A.1.2 ?????????????? ???????
?? ??????? ??????????????? ????????[3] ???????????? ????????? ????????????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????, ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??????????? ?? ??????? ??????????. ?? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????????? ?? ????????????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????. ?? ???????????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ?? ???????????? ???????????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ?????????????? (?????? ???? ?????????). ??????, ??????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????, ????? ???? ??????????????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ? ????????? ??????? ??????? ? ??? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ????????? (??????????? ? ??? ???????? ??????????? ????? ??? ????????). ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ??????????????? ????????, ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???????????, ?? ??? ? ????????????? ???? ????, ?????? ?? ??????????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????????. ?????? ????? ??????????????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????????????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ????????? ??????????, ????????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????????????? ?????????? ??? ??????????, ????? ??? ??????? ????????????? ??? ???????????????? ??? ?????????? ???????.
A.1.3 ?????????????? ??????? ????? ?????????
?? ?????????????? ??????? ????? ?????????[4] ??? ??????????? ??? ????????????? ? ??????????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ????????? ??? ??????????????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ??????????????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ??????????????? ?????????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ????????????. ?????? ????, ??????? ????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????????????, ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ????????. ?? ????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ????????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????. ????????, ? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????, ?? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????. ? ???????, ?????, ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ????????????????? ??? ??????????????? ??? ??????????????? ???? ?????????? (????????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????????) ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ????????.
?.1.4 ????????? ???????
? ????????? ???????[5] ?????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ?? ???????? ???? ????????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???????. ?????? ????? ???? ?????????????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?? ???? ?????????????. ?????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????? ????????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????????, ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????????? ??? ??? ??????????????? ?????.
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?.1.5 ??????? ???????????
????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???????????? ??????????? ???? ??? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?????????[6]. ? ?????????? ??? ? ????????? ??? ???????/???????????? ????? ?????????????? ???????????? ?? ??? ?????????? ????? ?????????, ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ?? ???????? ????????????. ? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????????????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ???????????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????????. ? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ????????, ????????? ??? ? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????/????????????/?????/?????????????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ????????, ? ????? ????????????? ???? ??? ?????????? ????? ?????????. ?????????? ??????????? ??? ?? ???? ???????, ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????, ????? ??? ??????? ? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?? ????????????? ?????? ?? ?????, ???? ?????????, ???????????, ???????? ????, ??????? ??????????? ??? ??????, ??????????? ??????????? ???. ? ?????????????? ????????????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????????, ????????? ???? ????????? ?????/????????????, ???? ???? ??????????? ????? ????? ?????????????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????????? ??? ????????????, ??? ??????? ????????, ??? ????????????? ????????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ???????????? ????????????? ???????? (?????????? ??????, ??????? ??????????, ????????????? ??????, ?????????, ????????? ???), ??? ????????????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ???, ?????????????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???????. ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ?? ?? ??????????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????????. ?? ???? ???? ????????? ? ??????????? ??????? ????? ???????????? ??? ??? ??????.
????????????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????/????????????, ?? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??????????????. ?? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?? ????? ? ????? ??????????. ? ???????? ?????????? ??? ????????????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ??? ?????????, ??? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ???????????????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????????????? ??? ????????????, ?? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ???????????.
?.2 ???????? ?????????
?? ???????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ????? ?? ???????????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????????????? ??? ????????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??????????[7]. ????????????? ?? ???????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????. ?? ??? ???????? ?????????, ?? ???????? ???????????? ??????, ?????????????, ???? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ? ???????????? ???? ????????? ????. ???????????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????, ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ???????????? ??? ?????.
?? ??? ???????? ?????????, ???????? ??? ???????????? ? ?????????? ??? ????? (??????? ? ???????) ?? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????.
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?????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ??????????????? ???????? ??? ????????????????.
?.2.1 ??????? ??? ?????????
?? ??? ??????? ???? ?????????????? ????????? ??? ????????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?? ?????????. ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????????? ?? ??????????, ????? ?? ?????????? ? ????? ????, ???? ??? ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????????????. ???? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????????????? ??? ???? ???????? ? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????????.
?.2.2 ??????? ??????
???? ??????? ??????, ? ?????????? ????? ???????????. ???? ???? ????? ????????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ????????????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????????????? ? ????????. ?? ?????? ?????????, ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ??? ???????????????? ??????. ????????????? ??? ?????? ????? ? ?????????? ????????? ????????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????????? ?????????????? ???? ???????? ????. ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???????????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ????????????? ??????????. ?????????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ????, ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?????????. ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???????????? ? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ???????? ?????.
?.2.3 ??????? ???????
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??? ????????, ? ??????? ??? overlays. ?? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???????????????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??????. ?? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ????????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ??? ??????????????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?????????. ? ??????? ??????? ????????????? ?? ????????? ???? ????????? ???????, ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ?? ??????, ???? ????? ?????? ???. ?? ??????????? ?????? ????????????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????????????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ??? ????????????. ? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?????????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????????? ??????. ? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ?? ??????? ???????????? ??????????? (?????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????????). ??????, ???????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ??????????? (GIS), ?? ???????? ?? ????????????? ???????? ????????? ??????????.
????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????, ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ????????????, ?? ???????? ??? ??????????????? ?????????, ?? ???????? ??? ??????????????? ?????????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????????, ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?????????????? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ??? ???????????? ??? ???????? ?????????.
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??? ?? ????????? ?? ??????????????? ???????, ?????????? ?????????? ????? ?? ???????????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????. ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???????, ????? ??? ?????, ?? ??? ????????????? ?????????, ?? ??? ????????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???. ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????????, ? ????? ?? ??????????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????? (???????? ??? ?????? ??????, ??????? ??? ??????? ???). ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ?? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??? ????????????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??????. ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????????????? ???? ?? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ????????????? ???????????? (??????? ?? ?? ? ???, ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????, ???? ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?????????????? ???? ??????? ? ????????).
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????????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????????????, ?????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????, ????????? ? ???????????? ??? ??????????. ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ???????????[8].
????????, ??????? ?? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????????? ????????????? ?? ???? ??? ???????????? ??? ?????? 24 ?. ????????, ??????? ?? ??????????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?/??? ?????? ??? ? ???????????? ??????? ?? ?????????. ??? ????????????, ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ???????????? ??????. ???? ??????????? ?????, ? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??????, ?? ????????????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????????. ? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ?????????????? ???????, ????? ? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ? ????????????? ??? ????????????. ?????? ??????, ?? ????? ???????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ? ??? ??????? ??? ???????, ???? ? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????????, ?????? ??????????.
??? ???? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????, ??? ???? ????????????? ??????????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? 24 ? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???????.
????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????????.
??????, ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? 24, ????? ??? ??? ?????? 79 ???. 8 ??? 106 ???. 1 ??? ??????????? ????????? ??? ? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ????????, ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ????????? ???? ?? ????????????? ? ????????? ??? ?????????????, ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ? ?????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????????? (???????? ??????????). ???????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??????, ???? ???? ????????????, ??????????, ???? ?. 360/1976 (?? 151) ??? ???? ?. 2742/1999 (?? 207). ?? ?????? ???? ??????, ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ??????????? ?????????, ???? ??????????????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ?????????, ?????? ?????, ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ??? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????????? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? (??? 2669/2007, 3175/2009, 4534/2009, 4073/2014).
????????, ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ???, ??????????, ?? ????????? ?? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ??????????, ?????????? ??? ????????????, ?????, ?????????????? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ?????????? ? ???? ??????? ? ????????? ?????????????. ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??????, ?? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????????, ??????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????, ? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ? ???????? ??? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ????????????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????????????? ??????? ???????? (??. ?? 3478/ 2000, 613/2002 ????., 2667/2007, 3175/2009).
??????, ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? 24, ????? ??? ??? ?????? 79 ???. 8 ??? 106 ???. 1 ??? ??????????? ????????? ??? ? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ????????, ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ????????? ???? ?? ????????????? ? ????????? ??? ?????????????, ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ? ?????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????????? (???????? ??????????). ???????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??????, ???? ???? ????????????, ??????????, ???? ?. 360/1976 (?? 151) ??? ???? ?. 2742/1999 (?? 207). ?? ?????? ???? ??????, ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ??????????? ?????????, ???? ??????????????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ?????????, ?????? ?????, ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ??? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????????? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? (??? 2669/2007, 3175/2009, 4534/2009, 4073, 4189, 4966/2014).
????????, ?? ?????? ?????????? ??????, ?? ????? ?????????, ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????, ?? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????, ?????????????, ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????, ???????????? ?? ?????????????? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? 79 ???. 8 ??? ???????????, ??? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ??? ??????????? ?????????, ??????????? ???????? ?? ?? ??????? ????????, ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ????????????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????????????? ????????? ??? ?. 2742/1999 (??. ??? 4784, 4785, 1421, 1422/2013, 7/????, 4966, 4983/2014) () ?? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????????? ???? ????? (??? 4966/2014), () ??????????? ?????? ?????????????? ??? ????????????? ?????????? (??? 4189/2014, 3632/2015 ????.).
???????, ???? ???? ????????????? ??????, ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? 24 ???. 2 ??? ???????????, ? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ????????? ??? ??? ????????????? ??? ???? ??? ????????????? ????????, ??? ??????????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????????, ?? ???? ??? ?????????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??????????? ??????????, ??? ?????? ??????????? ? ??????????? ???????? ???? ????????. ? ???????????? ?????????? ????????, ????????, ?????? ??????? ?????????????, ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????, ???? ???????????? ???????, ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???, ???? ????????, ? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???????????? ??????? ???????????? ????????, ????? ??? ? ??????? ?? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ????, ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? 43 ???. 2 ??? ???????????, ???? ???? ??????????? ????????????? ? ???????? ? ?????????????? ?????????. ???????, ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????????. ? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????????? ??????? (?.?. ???? ??????? ??? ???????) ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????? (?.?. ??????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ???? ???????) ??? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? (?.?. ???? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ???????) ?????, ???? ?? ????????, ? ???????????? ?????????? ???????, ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???, ???????? ??? ?????????? ????? ???????, ???? ????? ???? ? ??????????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ????????, ??????????? ??? ?????, ?? ?????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???. ??? ?????????? ??? ???????, ?????????, ?? ??? ?????? ?????????? ? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ????, ???? ??? ???????? ??? ???????????, ??????, ??????????? ???? ?? ??? ????????????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ???????????. ?????????, ?? ???????????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ??????? () ?????????? () ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ????????, ??? ? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??????????? ????????, ?????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????, ????? ??? ????????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ?.?.?.?. ???, ???????, ??? ?? ????????? ????????, ??????????, ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????, ??? ????? 24 ???. 2 ??? 43 ???. 2 ??? ??????????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????????? (??? 717/2015).
?????, ??????, ??? ????? 24 ???. 1 ??? ??????????? ???????? ??? : ? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????????? ????????????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????. ??? ?? ????????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ? ???????????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????????? . ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ????????????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?????????, ?? ?????, ???? ? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????, ??? ??? ? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????, ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??????????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???????????, ??? ???????? ?? ??? ?. 2691/1999 (?? 47) ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? 1.5.1999 (?????????? ??? 6.4.1999, ?? 87). ??????????, ? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????????????? ? ???????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?????????? (?????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ?, ??? ????? 2 ?? ??? ??? ????????), ? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?????????, ????????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ?????????????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??? ? ???????? ??? ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ????????????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????????, ?????? ?????, ???? ????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??????? (????? 2 ??? 130 ? ???. 2, ??? ????? 2 ??? 174 ???. 2 ?? ??? ??? ????????). ?????? ??? ??????? ????????????? ????????, ???????? ? ?. 1650/1986, ?? ??? ????? ??????????? ??????? ????????????, ???? ?????, ???? ???????????? ??? ???? ?????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????????????? ?????????????? ? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????????????? ?? ??? ?????? 3, 4 ?????????? 10 ??? 11 ??? 5 ?????????? 1 ??? ????? ?????, ???? ??? ?? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????? 84/360/??? ??? 85/337/??? ??? ?????????? ??? ?.?., ???????? ? 69269/5387/24.10. 1990 ????? ????????? ??????? (?? 678), ?? ??? ????? ????????????, ?????? ?????, ?? ??????????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????? ??????????????? ?????????? ????? ??? ? ?????????? ????????? ??????????????? ????. ??? ????????, ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?. 3010/2002 (?? 91), ?? ?? ????? 1, 2 ??? 3 ??? ?????? ???????????????? ?? ????? 3, 4 ??? 5 ??? ?? ??? ?. 1650/1986 ??????????? ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ????????????? ?? ??? ??????? 97/11/?.?. ??? 96/61/?.?. ????????, ??? ????????????? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ?. 3010/2002, ? ?.?. 11014/703/?104/14. 3.2003 ????? ????????? ??????? (?? 332) ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????. (??? 3139/2015).
???????, ?? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? 24 ??? ??????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????????????? ?????, ??????????? ?? ???????????? ? ?????????? ????????? ??? ? ????????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????. ??? ?? ????? ???? ? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ??????????????? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ??????????, ?????????? ??? ???????????? ?????, ?????????????? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ?????????? ? ???? ??????? ? ????????? ?????????????. ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??????, ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????????, ??????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ????????, ???? ????? ? ?????????? ????????, ? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ?.??., ? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????, ???? ?? ????????????? ? ??????? ????????, ???? ????? ???????? ? ?????????????, ???? ??? ? ?????????? ?????????. ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ??? ??????, ????????? ??? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ?? ?????????, ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????, ?? ???????? ??? ?????????????? ?????? ? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?????, ?? ?? ?????????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????. ??????, ???????, ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ????????????? ???????, ? ?????? ??? ? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ????????????? ????? ??? ? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ??? ?? ???????????? ??? ????, ????????? ??? ? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????????????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??????????????? ?? ?? ???? ???????. ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ???????, ? ???????? ????????, ?????? ????? ?? ? ?????? ??????????????? ??????????, ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ????????, ???? ??? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????????????? (????????????? ??? ??????), ?????????????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ???, ??????????, ?? ?? ??????????? ??? ????? ???????, ???? ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ??? ?? ?????????? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ? ?????????????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? (??? 4549/2011, 963, 3139, 3755/2015 ???? ????????).
??????, ??????????, ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????????????? ??? ? ????? ???? ?? ????????, ? ???????? ????????, ?????? ?????, ?? ? ?????? ??????????????? ??????????, ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ????????, ?????????????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??????????? ??? ????? ???????, ???? ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ? ??? ?????????????? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ? ?????????????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????????, ????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????? ???????. ? ??????, ????, ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ????????? ????? ? ?????????????? ??? ? ????? ?? ? ?????????????? ??? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?????????, ?????????? ??? ????? ??? ?????????? ???????, ????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????????, ?????????? ???????? ???????, ??????????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ?????. ??? ??????????, ???????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ?????????, ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ???????, ????? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????????, ??? ? ???????????? ??? ?? ???? ? ?? ????????????? ????? ??? ?? ?????????? ????? ?? ???????????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????, ???? ???????? ?? ??????????????? ??? ???????? ???????????? ???? (??? 109/2014, 3905/2012, 3631, 3632/2006, ????. 2173/2002, 3478/2000). (??? 3755, 3139, 551/2015 ??????? ???????????? ????????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????, 4243/2014 ???? ???????? ????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ??????????????? ????).
?????, ??????????? ?????????? ??????? (??? ??? ?????? 22 ??? ?. 4247/2014, ??147) () ?? ??? 1422/2013 ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ? ??????? ??? ?????? 6 ???. 3 ??? ??????????? ?? ??? ????????????? ??????? ??????????? ????????, ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????????????? ???????, ???? ?? ????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ?? ?????????? ???????? ????????????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? (?.?.?.) ??? ????????????? ??????????? ? ??????? ??????? ????????????? ???????, ???????????? ??? ????????????? ??? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????????????? ????, ???? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??????????? ? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????????????? ??? ??? ??????????????? ??? ????????. ?????????, ????, ?????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ??? ?????????, ???? ??? ?????? 79/409/???, ??? ?? ????? ????? ?.?.?. ??? ??????????????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? (?.?.?.), ??????????? ? ??????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ?????. ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??????????? ?? ??? ?????????????? ??????? ??? ?????????????? ??????????? ??????? ? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????????? ???????? ????????????? ???? ?? ??? ????????. ??????, ????, ??? ????????? ??? ????????, ??? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????????????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?????????, ????????? ??? ? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ???????, ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ?????????, ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? 6 ???. 3 ??? ?????????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????????? ?? ???????????, ???? ?? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ???????, ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ??????? 1422/2013 ???????? ??? ??? ????????? ????????????? ??? ?????????? ???????, ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ???????????, ?????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ????, ???? ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ??????????, ????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????????? ().
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?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ??? ????????, ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???????.
?? ???????????? ?????????????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ????? ????????. ?? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ??? ????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????????? ? ????????? ??????????? ???????? ???????????, ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????. ?????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????????, ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ??????????? ???????????. ???? ????? ??????? ??? ? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????????? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ?? ????? ????, ? ?? ??? ?????????? ??? ??????.
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